The Wartsila RTA96-C
Task 1
Converting imperial specifications into metric.
Bore 38" = 96.52 cm
Stroke 98" = 248.92 cm
Cylinder 7780 hp = 5800.768 kw
Displacement 480.7931078572 gallons = 1820 litres
Total Displacement 5,938.5873981845 gallons = 25,480 litres
Weight 2300 tons = 2,300,000 kg
Length 89ft = 27.1272 metres
Height 44ft = 13.114 metres
Max power 108,920 @ 102 rpm = 81221.630012743 kw @ 1.7e-12 terrahertz
Max Torque 5,608,312 lb/ft @ 102 rpm = 77537694.92348887 kgf/cm
Fuel Consumption 1660 gallons p/hour = 6283.764 litres p/hour.
Task 2
Describe the operation of the 2 stroke Diesel
A two stroke diesel engine uses compression ignition, meaning the fuel combusts. Unlike the petrol engine , diesel engines do not have sparkplugs.
Beginning at bottom dead centre , air enters through cylinder walls that is pressurised by the supercharger or roots blower which is powered by the crank.
As the cylinder reaches top dead centre , diesel is forced into the cylinder (which by now contains pressure and heat) via the injectors and ignites immediately pushing the piston back to the bottom of the cylinder.
Task 3
Describe the operation of a Supercharger (Roots Blower)
A supercharger is pretty much a powerful air pump that uses centrifugal force that increases the compression of air and heat to the top of the cylinder, forcing fuel to combust on contact.
Task 4
Describe the operation of a 2 stroke petrol engine.
Intake and exhaust are performed in one stroke. The piston compresses a fuel/air mixture at the top of the chamber. After ignition the piston is pushed back down to the bottom of the chamber, uncovering one port on its way down which is used as an exhaust, as the piston goes down further , it uncovers another port that allows a fresh air/fuel mixture to enter the chamber.The cycle is repeated and each time the cylinder is using left over gasses from the previous stroke......
Task 5
Two Stroke have 3 important advantages over Four Stroke. What are these advantages?
1) Ability for more power in the size of its engine because it fires on every second stroke instead of every 4th stroke
2) Are cheaper and lighter
3) Are easy to make because they dont have valves
Task 6
Why are 2 stroke SI engines not suitable for light vehicle applications?
Because the fuel consumption would be too high. 2 stroke diesels use less and would save more money.
Monday, April 19, 2010
Material Safety Data Sheets
This is my part of the group project we did on Safety. I did my presentation on Material Safety Data Sheets an important component in any workplace because it tells you all kinds of information about all the chemicals used in any workplace.
FIRE SAFETY REPORT
Safety is an important factor when doing any type of job. It could save a life.
FIRE SAFETY REPORT
It doesn't actually mean that person wants the actor to break his/her leg, but hey what are the odds of it actually happening?
The same as they would be in any industry.
Safety.
Its a hot topic wherever you work, not just because your employer doesn't want to lose a valued employee. Its also because they don't want to shell out thousands and thousands of dollars on somebody that didn't follow the rules in the first place. Is that unreasonable? A lot of Hazards happen for different reasons.
Fires are a huge risk everywhere. A majority of them happen because of a) ignorance b) carelessness c) apathy and d) arson. A major part
of Fire Safety training is a) learning how to identify the risks b) assessing the risks c) Controlling the Hazard and d) eliminating and/or reducing the risk.
If you go into a workshop and there is a minor petrol spill on the ground . A few metres away , Joe Blow is working on an engine with a cigarette hanging out of his mouth that hasn't been ashed since the beginning of time, and its about to fall off. Meanwhile that minor petrol spill is getting closer and nobody has noticed it. This is just one example of many possible risks that can and more than likely has happened.
Most fires that occur can be prevented depending on the nature of it. 'Ignorance' is a huge factor contributing to fire risk, for example , cigarettes
not being discarded properly, candles left in places where they be easily knocked over, smoking in bed, leaving cooking (frying in fats and oils )
unattended, leaving lighters and matches in places accessible to children . Other behaviours include carelessness, apathy (I know but I don't care attitude)
and arson (lighting fires deliberately).
There are three elements that make up fire. Heat , Fuel and Oxygen so the best way to prevent a fire would be to remove one of these elements.
For example, if an LPG fire started in your workplace , shutting off the gas by turning it off at the mains would be removing one of the key elements.
At most gas stations , there are Emergency Stop Buttons in place for such incidents. They can be found outside on the forecourt or inside near the till .
The size of the service stations depends on how many Emergency Stop buttons there are on site. Another example of removing a source is an oil fire. If an oil fire starts in your home when trying to cook chips or fry eggs or something. You get distracted only to come back to a fire on your stove. In most cases these fires can be extinguished simply by removing the oxygen from the equation.
You can use a pot lid or a tea towel to cover it until the fire dies down. (That's if it hasn't spread by now.)
Convection, Conduction and Radiation are ways that fires can spread. Convection heat is caused by physical moving heat from one space to another, ie:
using a heater to warm a room. Conduction carries heat through objects (solid or liquid) that are in direct contact with one another.
For example , an element will heat to a certain temperature that will be hot enough to cook your food . Unlike Convection and Conduction, Radiation
carries heat through waves , that makes it invisible to the naked eye.
Other factors that need to be considered when promoting Safety in the workplace or anywhere for that matter are , identifying the risks, assessing the
risks, control and elimination. With the above scenario, seeing somebody smoking near spilt chemicals would be an identified risk. The fact that hot ash
would fall on the spilt chemical and could and might quite possibly cause a fire. Clean up and control the direction of the spill with the on-site spill kit and
reprimand the employee for creating a risk. To eliminate or reduce the risk , instil a 'NO SMOKING' rule in the workshop and keep lids on containers.
When you are actually faced with a fire, keep calm . Your workshop should have an emergency plan in place learnt from fire drills. Call 111 when an emergency happens and then proceed to the evacuation meeting place .
In this report , there are brief explanations on how fires occur including behaviours , Elements that create fire, Control Measures , how fires spread and how to promote fire safety in the workplace. These don't just apply in the workplace.
They apply anywhere, in our homes , in our communities , schools etc.
individual_sustainability_exercise
Sustainability activity.
To keep going , producing , capability to endure........
This is an exercise that shows what we can do as individuals to contribute to sustainability.
Please do a little research on Carbon Monoxide (CO) to answer the following questions.
What is carbon monoxide?
- Carbon monoxide is a toxic gas
- once it gets into your system it will stay there
- Carbon combined with oxygen is carbon monoxide.
- It is odorless and tasteless, created during combustion
- produced by the burning of tobacco. (5 marks)
What is carbon monoxide poisoning?
- Lack of oxygen to the brain after inhaling CO
- toxicity of the nervous system and the heart,
- Effects from longterm inhalation could lead to death,
- symptoms include headache , dizziness , convulsions
- Death
How does it affect us as humans?
- Affects the sustainability of the human race
- by increase of gas emissions causing the greenhouse effect.
- Transport emissions account for 20 – 25% of the worlds energy consumption
- Contributes to Air pollution
- Introduces ideas for healthy lifestyle promoting alternatives
How can we help to deal with CO problem?
- use biofuel powered vehicles
- use public transport
- ride bicycles or walk short distances
- use ethanol based fuels
- electric vehicles
Related links.
Note.
· Each question is worth 5 marks.
· Your answers should indicate 5 valid points.
· You may add on more sheets if there is not enough space to write.
Global Warming and how it affects the...
It's a brief run down on the impact of global warming on Australasia, The limitations of the internal combustion engine, Identifies alternatives and discusses the SAKER GS750V.......
Global Warming and the Automotive Industry.
The impact of global warming in Australasia is quite alarming considering Australia has one of the highest greenhouse gas emission rates in the world. In New Zealand , changes like warmer winters and much hotter summers are indicative of the effects greenhouse gases are having on our ozone layer. Although it is not part of Oceania, America is said to have the highest gas emissions rate in the world.
“Automotive Paradox ' and the “Enigma of Mobility,” otherwise known as the pros and cons of the internal combustion engine are both limited. The internal combustion engine was once described as “The greatest consumer of public and personal space made by man yet.” While others may argue that the internal combustion engine (I.C.E.) allows freedom, liberation, and easier accessibility, that does not out weight the fact that demand promotes consumption, pollution and waste.
Many concepts have been introduced to encourage alternatives to cleaner living . Most of these ideas have been discredited due to lack of sustainability. One idea, however has been accepted and even marketed. The introduction of the Hybrid. The Hybrid combines the internal combustion engine and the electric motor. Its fuel efficient , easily maintained and environmentally friendly.
A vehicle that uses no gas at all is the new SAKER GS750V. It is New Zealand's very own electric race car. This race car is so small the majority of it fits on the back of a standard sized trailer.
A majority of Australia's greenhouse gas emissions are to do with its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). That consists of Private Consumption, Gross Investment, Government Spending and Import and Export. One of Australia's biggest exports is coal. When coal is burning it emits carbon dioxide and in Australia at least 25 gigatonnes of gas emissions is released into the atmosphere every year. By 2030 the export of coal is expected to double. What does this mean for the Oceania? Here in New Zealand , global warming will affect us culturally. The changes in season , animal migration and cultivation are what Maori consider to be their identity. When these things are at risk , the culture is at risk of dying . The only options are to evolve or become totally obsolete.
In the Stern report , Baron Nicholas Stern , extensive research recorded in his book “The Economics of Climate Change” has come up with a viable way to lower consumption globally. He proposes a 1 percent investment of GDP per annum. Studies have shown that in the future, global warming would benefit from this proposal. Stern says “The body of evidence and the growing quantitative assessment of risks are now sufficient to give clear and strong guidance to economists and policy makers in shaping a response.” (STERN)
The internal combustion engine has been a contributing factor in the fight toward cleaner living. The consumption of resource alone in order to meet demand speaks volumes. Metal, glass, plastic, rubber, oil, gas, is increasing the amount of transporting and refining of petroleum products needed.
Some say the I.C.E. causes congestion, energy exploitation, pollution. Fatalities.......... and so on...
Others argue that it allows freedom, is practical, saves time and allows accessibility. That too is true. Between the two arguments , a solution is needed that allows all the positives and wipes out most, if not all the negatives.
Introducing the Hybrid. A combination of 2 or more sources of power to move the vehicle. These sources include Hydrogen, Compressed air, Liquid Nitrogen, Human powered , Wind , Solar power, Electricity, Compressed or Liquified Natural Gas and Waste heat (from I.C.E.)
The vehicles are cleaner, reliable, have better mileage, have regenerative braking, and there is always room for improvement. The SAKERGS750V also has some of these features. A race car that reaches speeds of up to 180km/h is run on electricity. The Tumanako inverter controls how much power goes to the motor and also controls the High voltage going to the motor. It runs on Lithium Batteries. Unlike its Lead acid and nickel cadmium counterparts, Lithium batteries contain no toxic metals. Cobalt and Lithium are both valuable metals that can be recycled from these batteries. About 3000 of the little C size batteries make up a battery pack for racing and weighs approximately 250kg. When it is fully charged , the battery pack lasts for about 200km of motorway speed of 10 minutes of racing speed then is recharged with a Free phase plug. This allows charging of 30 – 50 amps at a time as opposed to a normal socket that allows at most 10 amps at a time.
The body is light and is made of fibre glass and like the Hybrid has regenerative braking. This means, instead of burning up heat from the wheels and dispersing that energy, it takes that energy back into the motor and uses it to recharge the battery.
In conclusion , Global warming is affecting Australasia at an alarming rate , private consumption being the main culprit. Statistics have shown just how much greenhouse gases Australia alone emits being one of the highest in the world. Nicholas Stern has proposed a solution to global warming. This cant be achieved by recycling a few plastic bottles. This is a lifestyle change , something that has to be put into effect by our world leaders. The pros and cons of the Internal Combustion Engine and the introduction of the Hybrid have been discussed . The differences the Hybrid will mean to global warming and what the introduction of the SAKER GS750 will mean to racing.
REFERENCES
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50oMZ=1aQfo
http:www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-20.htm
A brief outline of
This document outlines the differences of a 4 cylinder diesel engine and a 4 cylinder petrol engine.
Also a mock job application for a Diesel Mechanic..... that one was harder than i thought even though it isnt real ......
A brief outline of the main differences between a Diesel and a Petrol engine.....
One of the most notable differences in Diesel and petrol engines is....... in a petrol engine, the fuel and air are mixed then compressed and ignited by sparkplugs .... in a diesel engine, the air alone is compressed, heating it up, then fuel is injected and because the compressed air is heated, the fuel is ignited creating combustion.... (The diesel engine has no sparkplugs)
To run a diesel engine cold, some diesels have a glow plug . What it does is it electronically heats the combustion chambers and raising the air temp to a level hot enough to start a cold engine. when you turn the key it will light up on the dash, when it is ready, it will turn off letting you know that it is ok to start your engine...
Diesel has a higher boiling point than Petrol....
Reference: http://auto.howstuffworks.com/diesel3.htm
Application Letter for "Diesel Mechanic" job.
Jacquelyn Saifiti
48 Lincoln Road
Henderson, Waitakere
(09) 83 70 146
jacquelyn.saifiti@gmail.com
6 April 201048 Lincoln Road
Henderson, Waitakere
(09) 83 70 146
jacquelyn.saifiti@gmail.com
Don Martens
P.O. Box 458
Wellsford, Kaipara District
Dear Mr Martens
RE: DIESEL MECHANIC
I am writing this letter in response to the job advertised on the Unitec Moodle website for a Diesel Mechanic in
Kaipara District , Wellsford.
My name is Jacquelyn Saifiti . I am a Heavy Duty Mechanic by trade and am currently studying at Unitec to improve my existing skills
and knowledge in New and Advancing technologies and am looking for a position in which I can apply these skills . I also have five years experience
working in Western Australian Mines , maintainance and repair for CAT , Komatsu and Hitachi trucks and mining equipment.
In Mt Tom Price, the Iron Ore industry, I had a supervisory role and my job description was as follows:
- Planning, scheduling, prioritizing and coordinating fleet maintenance.
- Heavy equipment instructor trainer and coordinator on Hitachi, Cat, Komatsu haul trucks and support equipment.
- Provide mentorship and training of new hires throughout their apprenticeship and monitor their development.
-Specifically; hands on troubleshooting and repair utilizing Hitachi Dr. EX, Caterpillar/Finning Service Information System and Electronic technician.
If I were successful in my application when would I be scheduled to start, also, how long is the proposed contract likely to last?
Thankyou for your time. I look forward to hearing from you .
Regards
Jacquelyn.Saifiti
Reference: http://www.miscojobs.com/employers/resumes/L_3/C_5/rsm_12609.htm
ENGINE: Strip , dismantle and Assembly Process........
Last Tuesday, 13th of April , we had a class assessment up under the canopy. This assessment was to Dismantle a mitsubishi 4 cylinder motor, assess what needed repairing, and then re-assmble.... I worked with Su'e and Raymond....
There were a few problems with our motor . One compression ring and an oil ring was missing from Number one piston......... The screws on the piston bearings were broken. Finding replacements was proving difficult.
We had to measure the Main bearing and the big end bearing of the crankshaft to make sure it was not oval or had tapered. This was achieved by using a micrometer.
In the manual , there is a give of about 0.2 of a millimetre .
A bore gauge was used to measure the inside of the piston chamber . To measure the width of a compression ring , vernier callipers were used.....
When re-assembling , we had to use a torque wrench when tightening bolts and screws . The manual had all the requirements .
Derrick ended up finding replacement screws for the piston bearings , but could not find an oil ring and compression ring for the piston , so we put it back together with out them.....
All in all it was fun ... and the people i worked with were great......
There were a few problems with our motor . One compression ring and an oil ring was missing from Number one piston......... The screws on the piston bearings were broken. Finding replacements was proving difficult.
We had to measure the Main bearing and the big end bearing of the crankshaft to make sure it was not oval or had tapered. This was achieved by using a micrometer.
In the manual , there is a give of about 0.2 of a millimetre .
A bore gauge was used to measure the inside of the piston chamber . To measure the width of a compression ring , vernier callipers were used.....
When re-assembling , we had to use a torque wrench when tightening bolts and screws . The manual had all the requirements .
Derrick ended up finding replacement screws for the piston bearings , but could not find an oil ring and compression ring for the piston , so we put it back together with out them.....
All in all it was fun ... and the people i worked with were great......
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